Mental Capacity - What it is and What it Means
Date online: 04/07/2011
Mental capacity has always been something of a problematic area of the law.
The Mental Capacity Act 2005 was enacted to put mental capacity law on a firmer footing and is based on the concepts of ‘best interests’ and ‘capacity’. Under the Act, capacity is stated to be absent when the person is unable ‘at the material time…to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of, or disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain’. Interestingly, the lack of capacity need not be absolute or permanent – it can be limited in both time and to the matter which is under consideration. A person may lack capacity at one time and not another and may lack capacity with regard to some sorts of decisions and not others.
Capacity is considered to be lacking in a person if he or she:
• cannot understand the information relevant to the decision, including the consequences which flow from making or failing to make it;
• cannot retain the information long enough to make the decision;
• cannot use the information as part of their decision-making process; or
• cannot communicate their decision by any means.
Once it is decided that a person lacks the mental capacity to make a decision, those responsible for making decisions on their behalf are required to do so in whatever way is in that person’s best interests.
A person is assumed to have capacity unless it can be established that he or she does not. Before that is decided to be the case, all practical steps must have been attempted, without success, to facilitate their making a decision.
The fact that a person lacks capacity does not mean that their wishes should be ignored. An attorney appointed to make decisions on their behalf should consider their current and past wishes, the views of relevant others (such as family members) and any beliefs or values that the person who lacks capacity might hold which would affect a decision.
The Act provides for the creation of Lasting Powers of Attorney (LPAs), which may allow the appointed attorney to make decisions relating to the person’s property and financial affairs, personal welfare, healthcare and medical treatment. LPAs cannot be used, however, unless they are registered with the Office of the Public Guardian.
If you would like any further information on preparing or reviewing your Will then please do not hesitate to contact our Wills & Probate team.
Kelvin Eatherington. Marketing & Business Development Manager
Tel: 01706 767407. email: kelvin@molesworths.com
The contents of this article are intended for general information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be, or constitute legal advice. We cannot accept responsibility for any loss as a result of acts or omissions taken in respect of this article.
